- /* 
- ** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.63.1.5 2011/08/17 20:43:11 roberto Exp $ 
- ** Lua virtual machine 
- ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h 
- */ 
-   
-   
- #include <stdio.h> 
- #include <stdlib.h> 
- #include <string.h> 
-   
- #define lvm_c 
- #define LUA_CORE 
-   
- #include "lua.h" 
-   
- #include "ldebug.h" 
- #include "ldo.h" 
- #include "lfunc.h" 
- #include "lgc.h" 
- #include "lobject.h" 
- #include "lopcodes.h" 
- #include "lstate.h" 
- #include "lstring.h" 
- #include "ltable.h" 
- #include "ltm.h" 
- #include "lvm.h" 
-   
-   
-   
- /* limit for table tag-method chains (to avoid loops) */ 
- #define MAXTAGLOOP      100 
-   
-   
- const TValue *luaV_tonumber (const TValue *obj, TValue *n) { 
-   lua_Number num; 
-   if (ttisnumber(obj)) return obj; 
-   if (ttisstring(obj) && luaO_str2d(svalue(obj), &num)) { 
-     setnvalue(n, num); 
-     return n; 
-   } 
-   else 
-     return NULL; 
- } 
-   
-   
- int luaV_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj) { 
-   if (!ttisnumber(obj)) 
-     return 0; 
-   else { 
-     char s[LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR]; 
-     lua_Number n = nvalue(obj); 
-     lua_number2str(s, n); 
-     setsvalue2s(L, obj, luaS_new(L, s)); 
-     return 1; 
-   } 
- } 
-   
-   
- static void traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) { 
-   lu_byte mask = L->hookmask; 
-   const Instruction *oldpc = L->savedpc; 
-   L->savedpc = pc; 
-   if ((mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT) && L->hookcount == 0) { 
-     resethookcount(L); 
-     luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1); 
-   } 
-   if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) { 
-     Proto *p = ci_func(L->ci)->l.p; 
-     int npc = pcRel(pc, p); 
-     int newline = getline(p, npc); 
-     /* call linehook when enter a new function, when jump back (loop), 
-        or when enter a new line */ 
-     if (npc == 0 || pc <= oldpc || newline != getline(p, pcRel(oldpc, p))) 
-       luaD_callhook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline); 
-   } 
- } 
-   
-   
- static void callTMres (lua_State *L, StkId res, const TValue *f, 
-                         const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) { 
-   ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, res); 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top, f);  /* push function */ 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top+1, p1);  /* 1st argument */ 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top+2, p2);  /* 2nd argument */ 
-   luaD_checkstack(L, 3); 
-   L->top += 3; 
-   luaD_call(L, L->top - 3, 1); 
-   res = restorestack(L, result); 
-   L->top--; 
-   setobjs2s(L, res, L->top); 
- } 
-   
-   
-   
- static void callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1, 
-                     const TValue *p2, const TValue *p3) { 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top, f);  /* push function */ 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top+1, p1);  /* 1st argument */ 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top+2, p2);  /* 2nd argument */ 
-   setobj2s(L, L->top+3, p3);  /* 3th argument */ 
-   luaD_checkstack(L, 4); 
-   L->top += 4; 
-   luaD_call(L, L->top - 4, 0); 
- } 
-   
-   
- void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { 
-   int loop; 
-   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) { 
-     const TValue *tm; 
-     if (ttistable(t)) {  /* `t' is a table? */ 
-       Table *h = hvalue(t); 
-       const TValue *res = luaH_get(h, key); /* do a primitive get */ 
-       if (!ttisnil(res) ||  /* result is no nil? */ 
-           (tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_INDEX)) == NULL) { /* or no TM? */ 
-         setobj2s(L, val, res); 
-         return; 
-       } 
-       /* else will try the tag method */ 
-     } 
-     else if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX))) 
-       luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); 
-     if (ttisfunction(tm)) { 
-       callTMres(L, val, tm, t, key); 
-       return; 
-     } 
-     t = tm;  /* else repeat with `tm' */  
-   } 
-   luaG_runerror(L, "loop in gettable"); 
- } 
-   
-   
- void luaV_settable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) { 
-   int loop; 
-   TValue temp; 
-   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) { 
-     const TValue *tm; 
-     if (ttistable(t)) {  /* `t' is a table? */ 
-       Table *h = hvalue(t); 
-       TValue *oldval = luaH_set(L, h, key); /* do a primitive set */ 
-       if (!ttisnil(oldval) ||  /* result is no nil? */ 
-           (tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL) { /* or no TM? */ 
-         setobj2t(L, oldval, val); 
-         h->flags = 0; 
-         luaC_barriert(L, h, val); 
-         return; 
-       } 
-       /* else will try the tag method */ 
-     } 
-     else if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX))) 
-       luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); 
-     if (ttisfunction(tm)) { 
-       callTM(L, tm, t, key, val); 
-       return; 
-     } 
-     /* else repeat with `tm' */ 
-     setobj(L, &temp, tm);  /* avoid pointing inside table (may rehash) */ 
-     t = &temp; 
-   } 
-   luaG_runerror(L, "loop in settable"); 
- } 
-   
-   
- static int call_binTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, 
-                        StkId res, TMS event) { 
-   const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event);  /* try first operand */ 
-   if (ttisnil(tm)) 
-     tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event);  /* try second operand */ 
-   if (ttisnil(tm)) return 0; 
-   callTMres(L, res, tm, p1, p2); 
-   return 1; 
- } 
-   
-   
- static const TValue *get_compTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2, 
-                                   TMS event) { 
-   const TValue *tm1 = fasttm(L, mt1, event); 
-   const TValue *tm2; 
-   if (tm1 == NULL) return NULL;  /* no metamethod */ 
-   if (mt1 == mt2) return tm1;  /* same metatables => same metamethods */ 
-   tm2 = fasttm(L, mt2, event); 
-   if (tm2 == NULL) return NULL;  /* no metamethod */ 
-   if (luaO_rawequalObj(tm1, tm2))  /* same metamethods? */ 
-     return tm1; 
-   return NULL; 
- } 
-   
-   
- static int call_orderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, 
-                          TMS event) { 
-   const TValue *tm1 = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event); 
-   const TValue *tm2; 
-   if (ttisnil(tm1)) return -1;  /* no metamethod? */ 
-   tm2 = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event); 
-   if (!luaO_rawequalObj(tm1, tm2))  /* different metamethods? */ 
-     return -1; 
-   callTMres(L, L->top, tm1, p1, p2); 
-   return !l_isfalse(L->top); 
- } 
-   
-   
- static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) { 
-   const char *l = getstr(ls); 
-   size_t ll = ls->tsv.len; 
-   const char *r = getstr(rs); 
-   size_t lr = rs->tsv.len; 
-   for (;;) { 
-     if (temp != 0) return temp; 
-     else {  /* strings are equal up to a `\0' */ 
-       size_t-  len  = strlen(- l );  /* index of first `\0' in both strings */
 
-       if (len == lr)  /* r is finished? */ 
-         return (len == ll) ? 0 : 1; 
-       else if (len == ll)  /* l is finished? */ 
-         return -1;  /* l is smaller than r (because r is not finished) */ 
-       /* both strings longer than `len'; go on comparing (after the `\0') */ 
-       len++; 
-       l += len; ll -= len; r += len; lr -= len; 
-     } 
-   } 
- } 
-   
-   
- int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { 
-   int res; 
-   if (ttype(l) != ttype(r)) 
-     return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); 
-   else if (ttisnumber(l)) 
-     return luai_numlt(nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); 
-   else if (ttisstring(l)) 
-     return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) < 0; 
-   else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) != -1) 
-     return res; 
-   return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); 
- } 
-   
-   
- static int lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) { 
-   int res; 
-   if (ttype(l) != ttype(r)) 
-     return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); 
-   else if (ttisnumber(l)) 
-     return luai_numle(nvalue(l), nvalue(r)); 
-   else if (ttisstring(l)) 
-     return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) <= 0; 
-   else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) != -1)  /* first try `le' */ 
-     return res; 
-   else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT)) != -1)  /* else try `lt' */ 
-     return !res; 
-   return luaG_ordererror(L, l, r); 
- } 
-   
-   
- int luaV_equalval (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) { 
-   const TValue *tm; 
-   lua_assert(ttype(t1) == ttype(t2)); 
-   switch (ttype(t1)) { 
-     case LUA_TNIL: return 1; 
-     case LUA_TNUMBER: return luai_numeq(nvalue(t1), nvalue(t2)); 
-     case LUA_TBOOLEAN: return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2);  /* true must be 1 !! */ 
-     case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2); 
-     case LUA_TUSERDATA: { 
-       if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2)) return 1; 
-       tm = get_compTM(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, uvalue(t2)->metatable, 
-                          TM_EQ); 
-       break;  /* will try TM */ 
-     } 
-     case LUA_TTABLE: { 
-       if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2)) return 1; 
-       tm = get_compTM(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ); 
-       break;  /* will try TM */ 
-     } 
-     default: return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2); 
-   } 
-   if (tm == NULL) return 0;  /* no TM? */ 
-   callTMres(L, L->top, tm, t1, t2);  /* call TM */ 
-   return !l_isfalse(L->top); 
- } 
-   
-   
- void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total, int last) { 
-   do { 
-     StkId top = L->base + last + 1; 
-     int n = 2;  /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */ 
-     if (!(ttisstring(top-2) || ttisnumber(top-2)) || !tostring(L, top-1)) { 
-       if (!call_binTM(L, top-2, top-1, top-2, TM_CONCAT)) 
-         luaG_concaterror(L, top-2, top-1); 
-     } else if (tsvalue(top-1)->len == 0)  /* second op is empty? */ 
-       (void)tostring(L, top - 2);  /* result is first op (as string) */ 
-     else { 
-       /* at least two string values; get as many as possible */ 
-       size_t tl = tsvalue(top-1)->len; 
-       char *buffer; 
-       int i; 
-       /* collect total length */ 
-       for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, top-n-1); n++) { 
-         size_t l = tsvalue(top-n-1)->len; 
-         if (l >= MAX_SIZET - tl) luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow"); 
-         tl += l; 
-       } 
-       buffer = luaZ_openspace(L, &G(L)->buff, tl); 
-       tl = 0; 
-       for (i=n; i>0; i--) {  /* concat all strings */ 
-         size_t l = tsvalue(top-i)->len; 
-         memcpy(- buffer +- tl ,-  svalue (- top -- i ),-  l );
 
-         tl += l; 
-       } 
-       setsvalue2s(L, top-n, luaS_newlstr(L, buffer, tl)); 
-     } 
-     total -= n-1;  /* got `n' strings to create 1 new */ 
-     last -= n-1; 
-   } while (total > 1);  /* repeat until only 1 result left */ 
- } 
-   
-   
- static void Arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb, 
-                    const TValue *rc, TMS op) { 
-   TValue tempb, tempc; 
-   const TValue *b, *c; 
-   if ((b = luaV_tonumber(rb, &tempb)) != NULL && 
-       (c = luaV_tonumber(rc, &tempc)) != NULL) { 
-     lua_Number nb = nvalue(b), nc = nvalue(c); 
-     switch (op) { 
-       case TM_ADD: setnvalue(ra, luai_numadd(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_SUB: setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_MUL: setnvalue(ra, luai_nummul(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_DIV: setnvalue(ra, luai_numdiv(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_MOD: setnvalue(ra, luai_nummod(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_POW: setnvalue(ra, luai_numpow(nb, nc)); break; 
-       case TM_UNM: setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(nb)); break; 
-       default: lua_assert(0); break; 
-     } 
-   } 
-   else if (!call_binTM(L, rb, rc, ra, op)) 
-     luaG_aritherror(L, rb, rc); 
- } 
-   
-   
-   
- /* 
- ** some macros for common tasks in `luaV_execute' 
- */ 
-   
- #define runtime_check(L, c)     { if (!(c)) break; } 
-   
- #define RA(i)   (base+GETARG_A(i)) 
- /* to be used after possible stack reallocation */ 
- #define RB(i)   check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base+GETARG_B(i)) 
- #define RC(i)   check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base+GETARG_C(i)) 
- #define RKB(i)  check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, \ 
-         ISK(GETARG_B(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_B(i)) : base+GETARG_B(i)) 
- #define RKC(i)  check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, \ 
-         ISK(GETARG_C(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_C(i)) : base+GETARG_C(i)) 
- #define KBx(i)  check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, k+GETARG_Bx(i)) 
-   
-   
- #define dojump(L,pc,i)  {(pc) += (i); luai_threadyield(L);} 
-   
-   
- #define Protect(x)      { L->savedpc = pc; {x;}; base = L->base; } 
-   
-   
- #define arith_op(op,tm) { \ 
-         TValue *rb = RKB(i); \ 
-         TValue *rc = RKC(i); \ 
-         if (ttisnumber(rb) && ttisnumber(rc)) { \ 
-           lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb), nc = nvalue(rc); \ 
-           setnvalue(ra, op(nb, nc)); \ 
-         } \ 
-         else \ 
-           Protect(Arith(L, ra, rb, rc, tm)); \ 
-       } 
-   
-   
-   
- void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, int nexeccalls) { 
-   LClosure *cl; 
-   StkId base; 
-   TValue *k; 
-   const Instruction *pc; 
-  reentry:  /* entry point */ 
-   lua_assert(isLua(L->ci)); 
-   pc = L->savedpc; 
-   cl = &clvalue(L->ci->func)->l; 
-   base = L->base; 
-   k = cl->p->k; 
-   /* main loop of interpreter */ 
-   for (;;) { 
-     const Instruction i = *pc++; 
-     StkId ra; 
-     if ((L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT)) && 
-         (--L->hookcount == 0 || L->hookmask & LUA_MASKLINE)) { 
-       traceexec(L, pc); 
-       if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) {  /* did hook yield? */ 
-         L->savedpc = pc - 1; 
-         return; 
-       } 
-       base = L->base; 
-     } 
-     /* warning!! several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate `ra' */ 
-     ra = RA(i); 
-     lua_assert(base == L->base && L->base == L->ci->base); 
-     lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top <= L->stack + L->stacksize); 
-     lua_assert(L->top == L->ci->top || luaG_checkopenop(i)); 
-     switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) { 
-       case OP_MOVE: { 
-         setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LOADK: { 
-         setobj2s(L, ra, KBx(i)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LOADBOOL: { 
-         setbvalue(ra, GETARG_B(i)); 
-         if (GETARG_C(i)) pc++;  /* skip next instruction (if C) */ 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LOADNIL: { 
-         TValue *rb = RB(i); 
-         do { 
-           setnilvalue(rb--); 
-         } while (rb >= ra); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_GETUPVAL: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_GETGLOBAL: { 
-         TValue g; 
-         TValue *rb = KBx(i); 
-         sethvalue(L, &g, cl->env); 
-         lua_assert(ttisstring(rb)); 
-         Protect(luaV_gettable(L, &g, rb, ra)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_GETTABLE: { 
-         Protect(luaV_gettable(L, RB(i), RKC(i), ra)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SETGLOBAL: { 
-         TValue g; 
-         sethvalue(L, &g, cl->env); 
-         lua_assert(ttisstring(KBx(i))); 
-         Protect(luaV_settable(L, &g, KBx(i), ra)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SETUPVAL: { 
-         UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]; 
-         setobj(L, uv->v, ra); 
-         luaC_barrier(L, uv, ra); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SETTABLE: { 
-         Protect(luaV_settable(L, ra, RKB(i), RKC(i))); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_NEWTABLE: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         int c = GETARG_C(i); 
-         sethvalue(L, ra, luaH_new(L, luaO_fb2int(b), luaO_fb2int(c))); 
-         Protect(luaC_checkGC(L)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SELF: { 
-         StkId rb = RB(i); 
-         setobjs2s(L, ra+1, rb); 
-         Protect(luaV_gettable(L, rb, RKC(i), ra)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_ADD: { 
-         arith_op(luai_numadd, TM_ADD); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SUB: { 
-         arith_op(luai_numsub, TM_SUB); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_MUL: { 
-         arith_op(luai_nummul, TM_MUL); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_DIV: { 
-         arith_op(luai_numdiv, TM_DIV); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_MOD: { 
-         arith_op(luai_nummod, TM_MOD); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_POW: { 
-         arith_op(luai_numpow, TM_POW); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_UNM: { 
-         TValue *rb = RB(i); 
-         if (ttisnumber(rb)) { 
-           lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb); 
-           setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(nb)); 
-         } 
-         else { 
-           Protect(Arith(L, ra, rb, rb, TM_UNM)); 
-         } 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_NOT: { 
-         int res = l_isfalse(RB(i));  /* next assignment may change this value */ 
-         setbvalue(ra, res); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LEN: { 
-         const TValue *rb = RB(i); 
-         switch (ttype(rb)) { 
-           case LUA_TTABLE: { 
-             setnvalue(ra, cast_num(luaH_getn(hvalue(rb)))); 
-             break; 
-           } 
-           case LUA_TSTRING: { 
-             setnvalue(ra, cast_num(tsvalue(rb)->len)); 
-             break; 
-           } 
-           default: {  /* try metamethod */ 
-             Protect( 
-               if (!call_binTM(L, rb, luaO_nilobject, ra, TM_LEN)) 
-                 luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of"); 
-             ) 
-           } 
-         } 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_CONCAT: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         int c = GETARG_C(i); 
-         Protect(luaV_concat(L, c-b+1, c); luaC_checkGC(L)); 
-         setobjs2s(L, RA(i), base+b); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_JMP: { 
-         dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_EQ: { 
-         TValue *rb = RKB(i); 
-         TValue *rc = RKC(i); 
-         Protect( 
-           if (equalobj(L, rb, rc) == GETARG_A(i)) 
-             dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); 
-         ) 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LT: { 
-         Protect( 
-           if (luaV_lessthan(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) == GETARG_A(i)) 
-             dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); 
-         ) 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_LE: { 
-         Protect( 
-           if (lessequal(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) == GETARG_A(i)) 
-             dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); 
-         ) 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_TEST: { 
-         if (l_isfalse(ra) != GETARG_C(i)) 
-           dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_TESTSET: { 
-         TValue *rb = RB(i); 
-         if (l_isfalse(rb) != GETARG_C(i)) { 
-           setobjs2s(L, ra, rb); 
-           dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc)); 
-         } 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_CALL: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1; 
-         if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b;  /* else previous instruction set top */ 
-         L->savedpc = pc; 
-         switch (luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) { 
-           case PCRLUA: { 
-             nexeccalls++; 
-             goto reentry;  /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */ 
-           } 
-           case PCRC: { 
-             /* it was a C function (`precall' called it); adjust results */ 
-             if (nresults >= 0) L->top = L->ci->top; 
-             base = L->base; 
-             continue; 
-           } 
-           default: { 
-             return;  /* yield */ 
-           } 
-         } 
-       } 
-       case OP_TAILCALL: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b;  /* else previous instruction set top */ 
-         L->savedpc = pc; 
-         lua_assert(GETARG_C(i) - 1 == LUA_MULTRET); 
-         switch (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET)) { 
-           case PCRLUA: { 
-             /* tail call: put new frame in place of previous one */ 
-             CallInfo *ci = L->ci - 1;  /* previous frame */ 
-             int aux; 
-             StkId func = ci->func; 
-             StkId pfunc = (ci+1)->func;  /* previous function index */ 
-             if (L->openupval) luaF_close(L, ci->base); 
-             L->base = ci->base = ci->func + ((ci+1)->base - pfunc); 
-             for (aux = 0; pfunc+aux < L->top; aux++)  /* move frame down */ 
-               setobjs2s(L, func+aux, pfunc+aux); 
-             ci->top = L->top = func+aux;  /* correct top */ 
-             lua_assert(L->top == L->base + clvalue(func)->l.p->maxstacksize); 
-             ci->savedpc = L->savedpc; 
-             ci->tailcalls++;  /* one more call lost */ 
-             L->ci--;  /* remove new frame */ 
-             goto reentry; 
-           } 
-           case PCRC: {  /* it was a C function (`precall' called it) */ 
-             base = L->base; 
-             continue; 
-           } 
-           default: { 
-             return;  /* yield */ 
-           } 
-         } 
-       } 
-       case OP_RETURN: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i); 
-         if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b-1; 
-         if (L->openupval) luaF_close(L, base); 
-         L->savedpc = pc; 
-         b = luaD_poscall(L, ra); 
-         if (--nexeccalls == 0)  /* was previous function running `here'? */ 
-           return;  /* no: return */ 
-         else {  /* yes: continue its execution */ 
-           if (b) L->top = L->ci->top; 
-           lua_assert(isLua(L->ci)); 
-           lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((L->ci)->savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL); 
-           goto reentry; 
-         } 
-       } 
-       case OP_FORLOOP: { 
-         lua_Number step = nvalue(ra+2); 
-         lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(nvalue(ra), step); /* increment index */ 
-         lua_Number limit = nvalue(ra+1); 
-         if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit) 
-                                 : luai_numle(limit, idx)) { 
-           dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i));  /* jump back */ 
-           setnvalue(ra, idx);  /* update internal index... */ 
-           setnvalue(ra+3, idx);  /* ...and external index */ 
-         } 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_FORPREP: { 
-         const TValue *init = ra; 
-         const TValue *plimit = ra+1; 
-         const TValue *pstep = ra+2; 
-         L->savedpc = pc;  /* next steps may throw errors */ 
-         if (!tonumber(init, ra)) 
-           luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " initial value must be a number"); 
-         else if (!tonumber(plimit, ra+1)) 
-           luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " limit must be a number"); 
-         else if (!tonumber(pstep, ra+2)) 
-           luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " step must be a number"); 
-         setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(nvalue(ra), nvalue(pstep))); 
-         dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(i)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_TFORLOOP: { 
-         StkId cb = ra + 3;  /* call base */ 
-         setobjs2s(L, cb+2, ra+2); 
-         setobjs2s(L, cb+1, ra+1); 
-         setobjs2s(L, cb, ra); 
-         L->top = cb+3;  /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */ 
-         Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i))); 
-         L->top = L->ci->top; 
-         cb = RA(i) + 3;  /* previous call may change the stack */ 
-         if (!ttisnil(cb)) {  /* continue loop? */ 
-           setobjs2s(L, cb-1, cb);  /* save control variable */ 
-           dojump(L, pc, GETARG_sBx(*pc));  /* jump back */ 
-         } 
-         pc++; 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_SETLIST: { 
-         int n = GETARG_B(i); 
-         int c = GETARG_C(i); 
-         int last; 
-         Table *h; 
-         if (n == 0) { 
-           n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1; 
-           L->top = L->ci->top; 
-         } 
-         if (c == 0) c = cast_int(*pc++); 
-         runtime_check(L, ttistable(ra)); 
-         h = hvalue(ra); 
-         last = ((c-1)*LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) + n; 
-         if (last > h->sizearray)  /* needs more space? */ 
-           luaH_resizearray(L, h, last);  /* pre-alloc it at once */ 
-         for (; n > 0; n--) { 
-           TValue *val = ra+n; 
-           setobj2t(L, luaH_setnum(L, h, last--), val); 
-           luaC_barriert(L, h, val); 
-         } 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_CLOSE: { 
-         luaF_close(L, ra); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_CLOSURE: { 
-         Proto *p; 
-         Closure *ncl; 
-         int nup, j; 
-         p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)]; 
-         nup = p->nups; 
-         ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup, cl->env); 
-         ncl->l.p = p; 
-         for (j=0; j<nup; j++, pc++) { 
-           if (GET_OPCODE(*pc) == OP_GETUPVAL) 
-             ncl->l.upvals[j] = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(*pc)]; 
-           else { 
-             lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*pc) == OP_MOVE); 
-             ncl->l.upvals[j] = luaF_findupval(L, base + GETARG_B(*pc)); 
-           } 
-         } 
-         setclvalue(L, ra, ncl); 
-         Protect(luaC_checkGC(L)); 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-       case OP_VARARG: { 
-         int b = GETARG_B(i) - 1; 
-         int j; 
-         CallInfo *ci = L->ci; 
-         int n = cast_int(ci->base - ci->func) - cl->p->numparams - 1; 
-         if (b == LUA_MULTRET) { 
-           Protect(luaD_checkstack(L, n)); 
-           ra = RA(i);  /* previous call may change the stack */ 
-           b = n; 
-           L->top = ra + n; 
-         } 
-         for (j = 0; j < b; j++) { 
-           if (j < n) { 
-             setobjs2s(L, ra + j, ci->base - n + j); 
-           } 
-           else { 
-             setnilvalue(ra + j); 
-           } 
-         } 
-         continue; 
-       } 
-     } 
-   } 
- } 
-   
-