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#define TITLE "L2 Linker v3.0\n"/* ********* L2.C * Auxilliary linker for BDS C********Written 1980 by Scott W. LaysonThis code is in the public domain.This is an improved linker for BDS C CRL format.Modified to v2.2.3, 11/27/1982 by David KirklandVersion 2.2, as distributed by BDS C UG, was given the followingmodifications:- The c debugger is supported. This adds the "-NS", "-S", and"-D" command line options.- DEFF3.CRL is scanned, if it is present on disk- New mechanism for default drive selection--the DEF_DRIVE macro added.- Minor changes to messages.- Eliminates need for SCOTT.C by change to fscanf format stringin function "loadsyms" when reading .SYM file for overlay processing.- Ability to rescan DEFF*.CRL if reply with a carriage return to promptmessage when functions are missing.- "-I" option, which allows interactive entry of command linearguments. If the command line ends in a "-i", then L2 treatsthe command line as Incomplete, and prompts the user for morearguments. This is especially useful if you have a replacementCCP which does not allow 127 character long command lines(e.g., ZCPR). This option orginally implemented, in a differentway, by Gil Shapiro.Modified to v2.2.4, 03/24/1983 by David Kirkland- "-N" option added to produce .COM files which do not perform awarm boot after executionAs in clink, if both "-n" and "-t" are specified, "-t" is givenpriority.- "-NS" option removed/"-S" option changed. Now the default is NOsystem library files (see CDB docs for explanation of systemlibrary files); system library functions made it impossible to seta breakpoint at the return of library functions in certain instances.Modified to v3.0, 6/86 by Leor Zolman- Obtains all storage allocation by calling alloc()/free(), so asnot to conflict with buffered I/O storage allocation of BDS C v1.6.- Added SHORTL2 #definition, to allow a real short version that can'thandle the -w options or do overlays. This avoids dragging in theBDS C buffered I/O package.Compilation/linkage instructions:cc l2.c -e5600 (use -e5300 if linking with L2.COM)cc chario.cclink l2 chario(or) l2 l2 charioThe DEF_DRIVE macro is used to define the drive from which L2 will load C.CCC,DEFF.CRL, DEFF2.CRL, and DEFF3.CRL (if it exists). The macro takes as anargument the filename and extension, and "returns" the name with whatever drivedesignator is needed. The macro also encloses the name in quotes; thus, theargument when the macro is invoked must NOT be within quotes.That is, to open C.CCC on the proper drive, we use the C codeif (ERROR==fopen(DEF_DRIVE(C.CCC), iobuf)) .....*/#include <stdio.h>#define DEF_DRIVE(fn) "fn" /* Make this "0/A:fn" for, say, user 0 on A */#define SUB_FILE "$$$.SUB" /* submit file to delete on error exit...* if you use SDOS, use "a:$$$$.sub"; if you've* hacked your CCP, you may need to change the* drive designator letter */#define RST_NUM 6 /* C debugger RST number. Should be identicalto the RSTNUM symbol in CCC.ASM */#define SHORTL2 0 /* For shorter L2 (no -w options or overlaycapability), make this 1 (else 0) */#define OVERLAYS 1 /* If SHORTL2 is 1, this must be 0 (false) *//* Otherwise, 0 disables overlays, making L2a little shorter */#define NDEFF 3 /* Number of DEFF?.CRL files in std library *//* These #defines from NOBOOT.C for version 1.50 */#define SNOBSP 0x0138 /* Location of Set NoBoot SP routine in C.CCC */#define NOBRET 0x013B /* Location of NoBoot RETurn routine in C.CCC */#define NUL 0#define FLAG char#define repeat while (1)#define STDOUT 1/* Phase control */#define INMEM 1 /* while everything still fits */#define DISK1 2 /* overflow; finish building table */#define DISK2 3 /* use table to do window link */int phase;/* function table */struct funct {char fname[9];FLAG flinkedp; /* in memory already? */FLAG fdebug; /* TRUE unless this routine requiredonly by a lib function after -s */char *faddr; /* address of first ref link if not linked */} *ftab;int nfuncts; /* no. of functions in table */int maxfuncts; /* table size */#define LINKED 1 /* (flinkedp) function really here */#define EXTERNAL 2 /* function defined in separate symbol table */char fdir [512]; /* CRL file function directory *//* command line parameters etc. */int nprogs, nlibs;char progfiles [30] [15]; /* program file names */char libfiles [20] [15]; /* library file names */int deflibindex; /* index of first default (DEFF*) library */FLAG symsp, /* write symbols to .sym file? */appstatsp, /* append stats to .sym file? */sepstatsp; /* write stats to .lnk file? */char mainfunct[10];FLAG ovlp; /* make overlay? */char symsfile [15]; /* file to load symbols from (for overlays) *//* C debugger variables */FLAG Dflag;FLAG SysStat; /* TRUE if "-s" option given & now active */int SysNum; /* index into libfiles of "-s", or -1 if none */FLAG Tflag; /* TRUE if "-t" option given */FLAG Nflag; /* TRUE if "-n" option given */unsigned Tval; /* arg to "-t", if present *//* useful things to have defined */struct inst {char opcode;char *address;};union ptr {unsigned u; /* an int */unsigned *w; /* a word ptr */char *b; /* a byte ptr */struct inst *i; /* an instruction ptr */};/* Link control variables */union ptr codend; /* last used byte of code buffer + 1 */union ptr exts; /* start of externals */union ptr acodend; /* actual code-end address */unsigned extspc; /* size of externals */unsigned origin; /* origin of code */unsigned buforg; /* origin of code buffer */unsigned jtsaved; /* bytes of jump table saved */char *lspace; /* space to link in */char *lspcend; /* end of link area */char *lodstart; /* beginning of current file *//* i/o buffer */struct iobuf {int fd;int isect; /* currently buffered sector */int nextc; /* index of next char in buffer */char buff [128];} ibuf, obuf;FILE *symbuf;/* seek opcodes */#define ABSOLUTE 0#define RELATIVE 1#define INPUT 0#define TRUE (-1)#define FALSE 0#define NULL 0/* 8080 instructions */#define LHLD 0x2A#define LXISP 0x31#define LXIH 0x21#define SPHL 0xF9#define JMP 0xC3#define CALL 0xCD#define PARMSIZE 400char parmtext[PARMSIZE]; /* "-i" command line args go here */int parmindex; /* first unused character in parmtext *//* strcmp7 locals, made global for speed */char _c1, _c2, _end1, _end2;/**************** End of Globals ****************/main (argc, argv)int argc;char **argv;{char *argvv[40];puts (TITLE);inc_proc(&argc, argv, &argvv);setup (argc, argvv);linkprog();linklibs();if (phase == DISK1) rescan();else wrtcom();#if !SHORTL2if (symsp) wrtsyms();#endif}inc_proc(count, argv, argvv) int *count; char **argv, **argvv; {/* process the "-i" argument by building a new argv vector* in argvv.*/int i;for (i=0; i<*count; i++) argvv[i] = argv[i];while (!strcmp(argvv[*count-1],"-I"))buildvec(count, argvv);}buildvec (count, argvv) int *count; char **argvv; {char line[MAXLINE], *p;puts("Enter continuation\n*");gets(line);for (p=line, --*count; ;) {while (isspace(*p)) p++;if (!*p) break;argvv[(*count)++] = &parmtext[parmindex];while (*p && !isspace(parmtext[parmindex] = toupper(*p++)) )parmindex++;parmtext[parmindex++] = 0;}}setup (argc, argv) /* initialize function table, etc. */int argc;char **argv;{unsigned i;symsp = appstatsp = sepstatsp = FALSE; /* default options */ovlp = FALSE;nprogs = 0;nlibs = 0;strcpy (&mainfunct, "MAIN"); /* default top-level function */origin = 0x100; /* default origin */maxfuncts = 200; /* default function table size */Tflag = Nflag = FALSE; /* no "-t" or "-n" given yet */SysNum = -1;SysStat = FALSE;Dflag = FALSE;cmdline (argc, argv);ftab = alloc(maxfuncts * sizeof(*ftab));for (i = 40000; i > 3000; i -= 100){if (!(lspace = alloc(i)))continue;free(lspace);lspace = alloc(i - (NSECTS * SECSIZ + 1100));lspcend = alloc(0);break;}if (i < 3000)Fatal ("Sorry, not enough memory for L2\n");loadccc();nfuncts = 0;#if OVERLAYSif (ovlp) loadsyms();#endifintern (&mainfunct);phase = INMEM;buforg = origin;jtsaved = 0;}cmdline (argc, argv) /* process command line */int argc;char **argv;{int i, progp;if (argc == 1) {puts ("Usage is:\n");puts (" l2 {program files} [-l {library files} ] ");puts ("[-s {library files} ]\n");puts ("\t[-m <main_name>] [-f <maxfuncts>] [-org <addr>]");puts (" [-t <addr>] [-n]\n");puts ("\t[-d] [-w | -wa | -ws]\n");#if OVERLAYSputs ("\t[-ovl <rootname> <addr>]");#endifputs ("\t[-i]");lexit (1);}progp = TRUE;for (i=1; i < argc; ++i) {if (argv[i][0] == '-') {if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-F")) {if (++i>=argc) Fatal ("-f argument missing.\n");sscanf (argv[i], "%d", &maxfuncts);}else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-L")) progp = FALSE;else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-S")) {progp = FALSE;SysNum = nlibs;}else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-M")) {if (++i>=argc) Fatal ("-m argument missing.\n");strcpy (&mainfunct, argv[i]);}else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ORG")) {if (++i>=argc) Fatal ("-org argument missing.\n");sscanf (argv[i], "%x", &origin);}else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-N")) Nflag = TRUE;else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-T")) {if (++i >= argc)Fatal ("-t argument missing.\n");Tflag = TRUE;sscanf (argv[i], "%x", &Tval);}#if OVERLAYSelse if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-OVL")) {ovlp = TRUE;if (i + 2 >= argc)Fatal ("-ovl argument missing.\n");strcpy (&symsfile, argv[++i]);sscanf (argv[++i], "%x", &origin);}#endifelse if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-D"))Dflag = TRUE;#if !SHORTL2else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-W"))symsp = TRUE;else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-WA"))symsp = appstatsp = TRUE;else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-WS"))symsp = sepstatsp = TRUE;#endifelse if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-I"))printf("-I ignored, must be last on line\n");else printf ("Unknown option: '%s'\n", argv[i]);}else {if (progp) strcpy (&progfiles[nprogs++], argv[i]);else strcpy (&libfiles[nlibs++], argv[i]);}}if (ovlp)strcpy(&mainfunct, &progfiles[0][2*(progfiles[0][1]==':')] );if (Dflag || SysNum!=-1)Dflag = symsp = TRUE;deflibindex = nlibs;strcpy(&libfiles[nlibs++], DEF_DRIVE(DEFF) );strcpy(&libfiles[nlibs++], DEF_DRIVE(DEFF2) );strcpy(&libfiles[nlibs++], DEF_DRIVE(DEFF3) );}loadccc() /* load C.CCC (runtime library) */{union ptr temp;unsigned len;codend.b = lspace;if (!ovlp) {if (copen (&ibuf, DEF_DRIVE(C.CCC) ) < 0)Fatal ("Can't open %s\n", DEF_DRIVE(C.CCC) );if (cread (&ibuf, lspace, 128) < 128) /* read a sector */Fatal ("C.CCC: read error!\n");temp.b = lspace + 0x17;len = *temp.w; /* how long is it? */cread (&ibuf, lspace + 128, len - 128); /* read rest */codend.b += len;cclose (&ibuf);}else codend.i++->opcode = JMP;}linkprog() /* link in all program files */{int i;union ptr dirtmp;struct funct *fnct;for (i=0; i<nprogs; ++i) {makeext (&progfiles[i], "CRL");if (copen (&ibuf, progfiles[i]) < 0) {printf ("Can't open %s\n", progfiles[i]);continue;}printf ("Loading %s\n", &progfiles[i]);readprog (i==0);for (dirtmp.b=&fdir; *dirtmp.b != 0x80;) {fnct = intern (dirtmp.b); /* for each module */skip7 (&dirtmp); /* in directory */if (!fnct->flinkedp)linkmod (fnct, lodstart + *dirtmp.w - 0x205);else if (phase != DISK2) {puts ("Duplicate program function '");puts (&fnct->fname);puts ("', not linked.\n");}dirtmp.w++;} /* intern & link it */cclose (&ibuf);}}linklibs() /* link in library files */{int ifile;for (ifile=0; ifile<nlibs; ++ifile) {if (ifile==SysNum) SysStat = TRUE;scanlib (ifile);}while (missingp()) {puts ("Enter the name of a file to be searched or CR: ");gets (&libfiles[nlibs]);if (libfiles[nlibs][0]) {SysStat = FALSE;scanlib (nlibs);}else {if (SysNum!=-1)SysStat = TRUE;for (ifile=0; ifile<NDEFF; ++ifile)scanlib (deflibindex + ifile);}}acodend.b = codend.b - lspace + buforg; /* save that number! */if (!exts.b) exts.b = acodend.b;}missingp() /* are any functions missing? print them out */{int i, foundp;foundp = FALSE;for (i=0; i<nfuncts; ++i)if (!ftab[i].flinkedp) {if (!foundp) puts ("*** Missing functions:\n");puts (&ftab[i].fname);puts ("\n");foundp = TRUE;}return (foundp);}rescan() /* perform second disk phase */{int i;for (i=0; i < nfuncts; ++i)if (ftab[i].flinkedp == LINKED) ftab[i].flinkedp = FALSE;phase = DISK2;buforg = origin;puts ("\n\n**** Beginning second disk pass ****\n");if (!ovlp) makeext (&progfiles[0], "COM");else makeext (&progfiles[0], "OVL");ccreat (&obuf, &progfiles[0]);loadccc();hackccc();linkprog();linklibs();if (cwrite (&obuf, lspace, codend.b - lspace) == -1|| cflush (&obuf) < 0) Fatal ("Disk write error!\n");cclose (&obuf);stats (STDOUT);}readprog (mainp) /* read in a program file */FLAG mainp;{char extp; /* was -e used? */char *extstmp;union ptr dir;unsigned len;if (cread (&ibuf, &fdir, 512) < 512) /* read directory */Fatal ("-- read error!\n");if (phase == INMEM && mainp) {cread (&ibuf, &extp, 1);cread (&ibuf, &extstmp, 2);cread (&ibuf, &extspc, 2);if (extp) exts.b = extstmp;else exts.b = 0; /* will be set later */}else cseek (&ibuf, 5, RELATIVE);for (dir.b=&fdir; *dir.b != 0x80; nextd (&dir)); /* find end of dir */++dir.b;len = *dir.w - 0x205;readobj (len);}readobj (len) /* read in an object (program or lib funct) */unsigned len;{if (phase == DISK1 || codend.b + len >= lspcend) {if (phase == INMEM) {puts("\n** Out of memory--switching to disk mode **\n");phase = DISK1;}if (phase == DISK2) {if (cwrite (&obuf, lspace, codend.b - lspace) == -1)Fatal ("Disk write error!\n");}buforg += codend.b - lspace;codend.b = lspace;if (codend.b + len >= lspcend)Fatal ("Module won't fit in memory at all!\n");}lodstart = codend.b;if (cread (&ibuf, lodstart, len) < len) Fatal ("-- read error!\n");}scanlib (ifile)int ifile;{int i;union ptr dirtmp;makeext (&libfiles[ifile], "CRL");if (copen (&ibuf, libfiles[ifile]) < 0) {if (ifile != deflibindex + (NDEFF-1))printf ("Can't open %s\n", libfiles[ifile]);return;}printf ("Scanning %s\n", &libfiles[ifile]);if (cread (&ibuf, &fdir, 512) < 512) /* read directory */Fatal ("-- Read error!\n");for (i=0; i<nfuncts; ++i) { /* scan needed functions */if (!ftab[i].flinkedp&& (dirtmp.b = dirsearch (&ftab[i].fname))) {readfunct (dirtmp.b);linkmod (&ftab[i], lodstart);}}cclose (&ibuf);}readfunct (direntry) /* read a function (from a library) */union ptr direntry;{unsigned start, len;skip7 (&direntry);start = *direntry.w++;skip7 (&direntry);len = *direntry.w - start;if (cseek (&ibuf, start, ABSOLUTE) < 0) Fatal (" -- read error!");readobj (len);}linkmod (fnct, modstart) /* link in a module */struct funct *fnct;union ptr modstart; /* loc. of module in memory */{union ptr temp,jump, /* jump table temp */body, /* loc. of function in memory */code, /* loc. of code proper in mem. */finalloc; /* runtime loc. of function */unsigned flen, nrelocs, jtsiz, offset;fnct->flinkedp = LINKED;if (phase != DISK2) {finalloc.b = codend.b - lspace + buforg;if (phase == INMEM) chase (fnct->faddr, finalloc.b);fnct->faddr = finalloc.b;}else finalloc.b = fnct->faddr;body.b = modstart.b + strlen(modstart.b) + 3; /* loc. of fn body */jump.i = body.i + (*modstart.b ? 1 : 0);for (temp.b = modstart.b; *temp.b; skip7(&temp)) {jump.i->address = intern (temp.b);++jump.i;}++temp.b;flen = *temp.w;code.b = jump.b;temp.b = body.b + flen; /* loc. of reloc parameters */nrelocs = *temp.w++;jtsiz = code.b - body.b;if (Dflag && fnct->fdebug) {if (phase!=DISK1) {codend.i->opcode = (0307 + (8*RST_NUM));codend.i->address = 0;finalloc.b += 3;}codend.b += 3;}offset = code.b - codend.b;if (phase != DISK1)while (nrelocs--) relocate (*temp.w++, body.b, jtsiz,finalloc.b, offset, flen);flen -= jtsiz;if (phase != DISK2) jtsaved += jtsiz;if (phase != DISK1) movmem (code.b, codend.b, flen);codend.b += flen;}relocate (param, body, jtsiz, base, offset, flen) /* do a relocation!! */unsigned param, jtsiz, base, offset, flen;union ptr body;{union ptr instr, /* instruction involved */ref; /* jump table link */struct funct *fnct;/* if (param == 1) return; /* don't reloc jt skip */*/instr.b = body.b + param - 1;if (instr.i->address >= jtsiz)instr.i->address += base - jtsiz; /* vanilla case */else {ref.b = instr.i->address + body.u;if (instr.i->opcode == LHLD) {instr.i->opcode = LXIH;--ref.b;}fnct = ref.i->address;instr.i->address = fnct->faddr; /* link in */if (!fnct->flinkedp && phase == INMEM)fnct->faddr = instr.b + 1 - offset; /* new list head */}}intern (name) /* intern a function name in the table */char *name;{struct funct *fptr;if (*name == 0x9D) name = "MAIN"; /* Why, Leor, WHY??? */for (fptr = &ftab[nfuncts-1]; fptr >= ftab; --fptr)if (!strcmp7 (name, fptr->fname)) break;if (fptr < ftab) {if (nfuncts >= maxfuncts)Fatal("Too many functions (limit is %d)!\n", maxfuncts);fptr = &ftab[nfuncts];strcpy7 (fptr->fname, name);str7tont (fptr->fname);fptr->flinkedp = FALSE;fptr->faddr = NULL;fptr->fdebug = !SysStat;++nfuncts;}return (fptr);}dirsearch (name) /* search directory for a function */char *name;{union ptr temp;for (temp.b = &fdir; *temp.b != 0x80; nextd (&temp))if (!strcmp7 (name, temp.b)) return (temp.b);return (NULL);}nextd (ptrp) /* move this pointer to the next dir entry */union ptr *ptrp;{skip7 (ptrp);++(*ptrp).w;}chase (head, loc) /* chase chain of refs to function */union ptr head;unsigned loc;{union ptr temp;while (head.w) {temp.w = *head.w;*head.w = loc;head.u = temp.u;}}wrtcom() /* write out com file (from in-mem link) */{hackccc();if (!ovlp) makeext (&progfiles[0], "COM");else makeext (&progfiles[0], "OVL");if (!ccreat (&obuf, &progfiles[0]) < 0|| cwrite (&obuf, lspace, codend.b - lspace) == -1|| cflush (&obuf) < 0)Fatal ("Disk write error!\n");cclose (&obuf);stats (STDOUT);}hackccc() /* store various goodies in C.CCC code */{union ptr temp;struct funct *fptr;temp.b = lspace;fptr = intern (&mainfunct);if (!ovlp) {if (Tflag) {temp.i->opcode = LXISP;temp.i->address = Tval;}else if (Nflag) {temp.i->opcode = JMP;temp.i->address = SNOBSP;temp.b = lspace + 0x09;temp.i->opcode = JMP;temp.i->address = NOBRET;}else {temp.i->opcode = LHLD;temp.i->address = origin - 0x100 + 6;(++temp.i)->opcode = SPHL;}temp.b = lspace + 0xF; /* main function address */temp.i->address = fptr->faddr;temp.b = lspace + 0x15;*temp.w++ = exts.u;++temp.w;*temp.w++ = acodend.u;*temp.w++ = exts.u + extspc;}else temp.i->address = fptr->faddr; /* that's a JMP */}#if !SHORTL2wrtsyms() /* write out symbol table */{int i, fd, compar();qsort (ftab, nfuncts, sizeof(*ftab), &compar);makeext (&progfiles[0], "SYM");if ((symbuf = fopen (&progfiles[0], "w")) < 0)Fatal ("Can't create .SYM file\n");for (i=0; i < nfuncts; ++i) {puthex (ftab[i].faddr, symbuf);putc (' ', symbuf);fputs (&ftab[i].fname, symbuf);if (i % 4 == 3) fputs ("\n", symbuf);else {if (strlen (&ftab[i].fname) < 3) putc ('\t', symbuf);putc ('\t', symbuf);}}if (i % 4) fputs ("\n", symbuf);if (appstatsp) stats (symbuf);putc (CPMEOF, symbuf);fclose (symbuf);if (sepstatsp) {makeext (&progfiles[0], "LNK");if ((symbuf = fopen (&progfiles[0], "w")) < 0)Fatal ("Can't create .LNK file\n");stats (symbuf);putc (CPMEOF, symbuf);fclose (symbuf);}}#endifcompar (f1, f2) /* compare two symbol table entries by name */struct funct *f1, *f2;{/* return (strcmp (&f1->fname, &f2->fname)); alphabetical order */return (f1->faddr > f2->faddr); /* memory order */}#if OVERLAYSloadsyms() /* load base symbol table (for overlay) */{ /* symbol table must be empty! */int nread;FLAG done;char *c;makeext (&symsfile, "SYM");if (fopen (&symsfile, &symbuf) < 0)Fatal ("Can't open %s.\n", &symsfile);done = FALSE;while (!done) {nread =fscanf (&symbuf, "%x %s\t%x %s\t%x %s\t%x %s\n",&(ftab[nfuncts].faddr), &(ftab[nfuncts].fname),&(ftab[nfuncts+1].faddr), &(ftab[nfuncts+1].fname),&(ftab[nfuncts+2].faddr), &(ftab[nfuncts+2].fname),&(ftab[nfuncts+3].faddr), &(ftab[nfuncts+3].fname));nread /= 2;if (nread < 4) done = TRUE;while (nread-- > 0) ftab[nfuncts++].flinkedp = EXTERNAL;}fclose (&symbuf);}#endifstats (chan) /* print statistics on chan */int chan;{unsigned temp, *tptr;tptr = 6;fprintf (chan, "\n\nLink statistics:\n");fprintf (chan, " Number of functions: %d\n", nfuncts);fprintf (chan, " Code ends at: 0x%x\n", acodend.u);fprintf (chan, " Externals begin at: 0x%x\n", exts.u);fprintf (chan, " Externals end at: 0x%x\n", exts.u + extspc);fprintf (chan, " End of current TPA: 0x%x\n", *tptr);fprintf (chan, " Jump table bytes saved: 0x%x\n", jtsaved);temp = lspcend;if (phase == INMEM)fprintf (chan," Link space remaining: %dK\n", (temp - codend.u) / 1024);}makeext (fname, ext) /* force a file extension to ext */char *fname, *ext;{while (*fname && (*fname != '.')) {*fname = toupper (*fname); /* upcase as well */++fname;}*fname++ = '.';strcpy (fname, ext);}strcmp7 (s1, s2) char *s1, *s2; {/* compare two strings, either bit-7-terminated or null-terminated */for (; (_c1 = *s1) == *s2; s1++, s2++)if ( (0x80 & _c1) || !_c1) return 0;if ((_c1 &= 0x7F) < (_c2 = 0x7F & *s2)) return -1;if (_c1 > _c2) return 1;_end1 = (*s1 & 0x80) || !*(s1+1);_end2 = (*s2 & 0x80) || !*(s2+1);if (_end2 && !_end1) return 1;if (_end1 && !_end2) return -1;/* if (_end1 && _end2) */ return 0;}strcpy7 (s1, s2) /* copy s2 into s1 */char *s1, *s2;{do {*s1 = *s2;if (!*(s2+1)) { /* works even if */*s1 |= 0x80; /* s2 is null-term */break;}++s1;} while (!(*s2++ & 0x80));}skip7 (ptr7) /* move this pointer past a string */char **ptr7;{while (!(*(*ptr7)++ & 0x80));}str7tont (s) /* add null at end */char *s;{while (!(*s & 0x80)) {if (!*s) return; /* already nul term! */s++;}*s = *s & 0x7F;*++s = NUL;}puthex (n, obuf) /* output a hex word, with leading 0s */unsigned n;char *obuf;{int i, nyb;for (i = 3; i >= 0; --i) {nyb = (n >> (i * 4)) & 0xF;nyb += (nyb > 9) ? 'A' - 10 : '0';putc (nyb, obuf);}}Fatal (arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4) /* lose, lose */char *arg1, *arg2, *arg3, *arg4;{printf (arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4);lexit (1);}lexit (status) /* exit the program */int status;{if (status == 1)unlink (SUB_FILE);exit(); /* bye! */}/* END OF L2.C */